The International Harm Reduction Association (IHRA) recently published a report on the
use of the death penalty for drug crimes around the world. The report distinguishes
between countries that have legislation allowing a death sentence for drug offenses and
those that actually apply it in practice. According to the report, 32 jurisdictions retain
the death penalty for drug offenses (out of the 58 countries that have the death
penalty for any offense), at least 12 of which were known to have carried out an
execution for such offenses in the last three years. These countries include China, Iran,
Saudi Arabia, and Viet Nam. Additionally, 13 of the 32 jurisdictions use a mandatory
death penalty for certain categories of drug offenses. Five of the 32 jurisdictions are
abolitionist in practice, i.e. they have not carried out an execution in many years. The
United States, whose federal law allows the death penalty for certain drug offenses
even where a murder has not occurred, is considered a jurisdiction with only symbolic
commitment to such a practice since this part of the federal death penalty law has not
been applied to any defendant.